The Justice Courts Division of Municipal Courts Bureau is responsible for prosecution of Misdemeanors, Violations and Vehicle & Traffic Law offenses (except DWI, DWAI & DWAI-Drugs) pending within the 28 Town and Village Justice Courts of Onondaga County. The Justice Court Bureau and its associated Misdemeanor Appointment Bureau are located at the District Attorney's Office, 505 S. State Street, Syracuse, New York 13202.

The Justice Courts have original trial jurisdiction over all offenses that occur with in their Municipality from arrest through final disposition except for Felony offenses in which case the Court only has preliminary jurisdiction to conduct arraignments and Preliminary Examinations. Although there are only 28 Town and Village Justice Courts there are 49 elected Justices who preside over the various Town and Village Justice Courts. An Assistant District Attorney (ADA) is assigned to one or more of the Justices and is responsible to prosecute all criminal matters rising in their Court(s) including traffic infractions that are not resolved by the Misdemeanor Appointment ADA.